Endovascular Management of Vascular Complications Related to Percutaneous Renal Procedures

Pseudoaneurysm, renal haemorrhage and arteriovenous fistula are common complications of percutaneous renal interventions, such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy, percutaneous nephrostomy tube placement and renal biopsy (1). While conservative follow-up is an acceptable and non-invasive choice, if the patient becomes dynamically unstable, management of these complications can be achieved either by open surgical procedures or minimally invasive endovascular embolization (2). Complications of endovascular embolization, such as renal artery dissection, post-embolization syndrome and loss of renal function are rare. However, superselective embolization performed as distal as possible minimizes the parenchymal loss of functional renal tissue (1). We present 3 patients (two native kidney, one transplanted), suffering from renovascular complications after percutaneous renal procedures, treated with transarterial selective renal embolization. In all 3 patients, distal access to the lesions was gained with a microcatheter and embolization was performed with coils (Figure 1, 2, 3). No complications occurred. The post-operative course was uneventful in all patients.