Modeling and Simulation of UWB Wave Propagation for Early Detection of Breast Tumors in Cancer Dielectric Imaging Systems

In this paper, we have proposed an analytical body (breast-tissue) propagation model in terms of scattering parameters towards the design goal of a suitable ultra-wide band, (UWB) transceiver for early breast tumor detection. The scattering parameters are reflection ( and transmission coefficients (Τ). We considered a heterogeneous breast model consisting of skin, adipose and glandular tissues as body (breast) channel and planar wave to propagate through it for UWB frequency range. A tumor layer was also considered as an inner layer to investigate tumorous tissue effects. Effective dielectric properties and scattering parameters (through reflected/ scattered or forward transmitted signals) for the whole breast were determined. Due to dispersive nature of heterogeneous breast, Γ and T vary with frequency; showing their decisive nature for a particular center frequency of the UWB transceiver systems. In case of 2.0 GHZ and 4.5 GHz center frequency UWB system, the back propagated (reflected/ scattered) signals showed approximately 45.45% and 63.3% respectively higher amplitude than forward propagated signals for the breast channel with tumor, indicating high value of dispersion present in human breast tissues.