Espasticidade

Spasticity is considered the most frequent upper motor neuron condition, which is commonly characterized by the hyperexcitability of the stretch and cutaneous reflexes leading to an increase in the muscle tonus (spastic hypertonia). The goal of this study was to review the literature related to the neurophysiologic aspects of spasticity and the underlying effects of Botulinum Toxin type A (BTA) in the spasticity control. The results pointed to a significant decrease in muscle tonus in patients sub mitted to the use of BTA. The association of BTA and Physiotherapy exceeded the results found in control groups that were submitted only Physiotherapy or BTA application. However, a new study brings up the possibility of BTA reaches the central nervous system circuits through axoplasmic pathway and transcytosis. Once the whole mechanisms involved in spasticity are not completely understood and the effects of TBA in the long term in humans are still not well known. Because of that reason, new researches are necessary in order to verify the viability and security of this substance that may be lethal to human patients.