GRIM-19: A Double-edged Sword that Regulates Anti-Tumor and Innate Immune Responses | Zendy

Shreeram C. Nallar | Zendy; Sudhakar Kalakonda | Zendy; Peng Sun | Zendy; Dhan V. Kalvakolanu | Zendy

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GRIM-19: A Double-edged Sword that Regulates Anti-Tumor and Innate Immune Responses

Author(s) -

Shreeram C. Nallar,

Sudhakar Kalakonda,

Peng Sun,

Dhan V. Kalvakolanu

Publication year - 2008

Publication title -

translational oncogenomics

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 0.205

H-Index - 10

ISSN - 1177-2727

DOI - 10.4137/tog.s584

Subject(s) - innate immune system , biology , immune system , interferon , retinoic acid , programmed cell death , intracellular , retinoid , microbiology and biotechnology , cell , inflammasome , immunology , gene , apoptosis , inflammation , genetics

Gene associated with retinoid-interferon-β-induced mortality (GRIM)—19, was originally identified as a critical regulatory protein necessary for Interferon-β-Retinoic acid-induced cell death. Overexpression of GRIM-19 activates cell death and its suppression or inactivation promotes cell growth. GRIM-19 targets multiple proteins/pathways for exerting growth control and cell death. However, GRIM-19 is also required for normal cellular processes. In addition, viruses ‘hijack’ GRIM-19 for their survival. Intracellular bacterial infections and bacterial products have been reported to induce the expression of GRIM-19. In this review, we will discuss the current status of GRIM-19 in growth control and innate immune response.

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