Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) in a case of Japanese encephalitis with an unexpected complication

ease caused by a virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. It is endemic in northern India and generally occurs in the monsoon season. Even though vaccination has been introduced in India, there’s not much reduction in the incidence1. It causes acute encephalitis syndrome and has been rarely associated with myelitis. The disease has a high mortality and is associated commonly with long term neurological sequelae. Case definition of a suspected case of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is described as a case of acute onset fever (5–7 days) with change in mental status with or without seizures2. Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis is a variant of acute transverse myelitis (ATM) which involves three or more vertebral segments. It is most commonly associated with neuromyelitis optica (NMO)3. We report a case of a young male with altered sensorium and quadriparesis, and diagnosed to have JE with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM).