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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder with a typical movement pattern, as well as different, less studied non-motor symptoms such as dysphagia. Disease-related disorders in efficacy or safety in the process of swallowing usually lead to malnutrition, dehydration or pneumonia. Dysphagia and subsequent aspiration pneumonia are common causes of morbidity and mortality in those with PD. The aim of this review is to identify and evaluate the existing literature on swallowing disorders in PD and providing recommendations for clinical practice routine. Correspondence: Antonello Nicolini, Respiratory Diseases Unit, General Hospital, via Terzi 43, 16039 Sestri Levante (GE), Italy. Tel.: +39.0185329145. E-mail: antonellonicolini@gmail.com

Swallowing dysfunctions in Parkinson’s disease patients: a novel challenge for the internist