TGF-β Controls the Formation of Kidney-Resident T Cells via Promoting Effector T Cell Extravasation

Tissue-resident memory T (T RM ) cells, a population of noncirculating memory T cells, are one of the essential components of immunological memory in both mouse and human. Although CD69 + CD103 + T RM cells represent a major T RM cell population in barrier tissues including the mucosal surface and the skin, CD69 + CD103 - T RM cells dominate most nonbarrier tissues, such as the kidney. TGF-β is required for the differentiation of CD69 + CD103 + T RM cells in barrier tissues. However, the developmental control of CD69 + CD103 - T RM cells in nonbarrier tissues remains largely unknown and the involvement of TGF-β signaling is less clear. In this study we demonstrated that TGF-β promoted the formation of kidney-resident T cells via enhancing the tissue entry of effector T cells. Mechanistically, TGF-β enhanced E- and P-selectin and inflammatory chemokine-mediated extravasation of effector T cells. Thus TGF-β controls the first developmental checkpoint of T RM cell differentiation in nonbarrier tissues.