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The study investigated the possibility of enhancing natural disease resistance (NDR) of chili (Capsicum annuum L.), cvs. HYW and CA8, against anthracnose disease, using potassium silicate (Kasil®) as a soil drench or postharvest spray treatment. Anthracnose disease in chili, in this study, was shown to be caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. Potassium silicate (Kasil®), applied as a postharvest spray to the fruit of either cultivar, at 100, 200 and 400 mg/l, reduced anthracnose development significantly (p = 0.05) when the fruits were challenge-inoculated 3 days after treatment. Treatment was slightly more effective at 200 mg/l. There was 100% of reduction of anthracnose in treated fruits of cv. CA-8 throughout an 8th day period of storage following fruit inoculation. In the cv. HYW, the same treatment showed 100% disease reduction only initially, 4 days after inoculation. The treatment was also applied as a pre-harvest soil drench commencing from flower initiation, at 200 mg/l, weekly for 4 weeks. The treatment reduced anthracnose disease significantly (p = 0.05) in harvested fruits, challenge-inoculated with C. acutatum. Spore germination assay revealed that potassium silicate had no antifungal effect to C. acutatum. Potassium silicate (Kasil®)-treated fruits, inoculated with C. acutatum after harvest, showed greater accumulation of phytoalexins and increased level of β-1, 3-glucanase in fruit tissue.

Potassium silicate treatment enhances natural disease resistance in <i>Capsicum annuum</i> L. and reduces anthracnose disease development