Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Science Motivation Questionnaire-II: Indonesian Version

Objective: To evaluate the cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of students’ motivation by the Science Motivation Questionnaire-II (SMQ-II). Material and Methods: The questionnaire was completed by fourth-year preclinical/clinical dental students who had taken oral medicine. Five components of motivation were assessed: intrinsic motivation, self-efficacy, self-determination, grade motivation, and career motivation. Intraclass Correlations (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were used to measure internal consistency and reliability. Construct validity was analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results: The response rate was 98.33% (419 eligible students). The ICC of 0.855 for the total score showed excellent reproducibility. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.867 for the total score showed good internal consistency, and the reliability of the scale was 0.923. The partial correlation test showed that the level of lecturers’ and facilitators’ concern about issues during the oral medicine learning process was not a confounding factor (r=0.619; p<0.001). The construct validity using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient showed that the total SMQ-II score was significantly associated with the motivation to learn oral medicine (r=0.625; p<0.001). The discriminant validity using the Mann-Whitney U-test was significant for intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy to discriminate using the global question, and it was significant for self-determination to discriminate using oral medicine grades. Conclusion: This Indonesian SMQ-II version has been cross culturally adapted and has good validity and reliability.