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This study aims to investigate the action of rosemary oil on the immortalized keratinocyte cell line. Samples of Rosmarinus officinalis that were growing uncultivated in central Turkey were harvested during flowering in May 2016. The rosemary oil was obtained by the hydrodistillation of the dried ground material in a Clevenger-like apparatus. Human cells from the immortalized nontumorigenic keratinocyte cell line were seeded at a concentration of 5000 cells/well on 96 well plates. Cell viability was measured at the 24, 48, and 72 h. Five different doses of 1.25% to 20% Rosmarinus officinalis oil, 20% DMSO for toxic examination , and 1 negative control were prepared. Highly significant differences were found between the doses P < 0.01 as well as at different time points P < 0.01 .That is to say that at 72 h, the results for mean ± SD cell vitalities for doses of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, DMSO 20%, and the control were 0.099 ± 0.018, 0.077 ± 0.008, 0.038 ± 0.011, 0.022 ± 0.005, 0.011 ± 0.000, 0.009 ± 0.000, and 0.174 ± 0.011, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the mean vitality from baseline 3.4% to 48 h 2.0% followed by a substantial increase at 72 h 6.1% P < 0.01 . This study shows that rosemary oil used in cell culture inhibits cell proliferation, which might be via the apoptotic pathway. We concluded that rosemary oil at a concentration of 1.25% may help the organism to inhibit excessive cell proliferation in tissues covered with keratinocytes, which may contribute to a healthy digestive system by stopping excessive cell proliferation and may be utilized in both animal feed and human nutrition, via the apoptotic pathway.

The anti proliferative effects of rosemary oil on keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT