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The aim of the present study was to explore the clinical and pathological characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). A total of 17 patients with IMT diagnosed between July 2010 and February 2020 were included in the present study, and the clinical characteristics, pathological features, treatment and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively. The cohort consisted of 17 participants, including 12 men and 5 women, with a mean age of 34.76 years. The most common locations of tumors were the bronchi and the lungs (9 cases, including 1 case involving the mediastinum), followed by the colon and bladder (2 cases each), and the omentum majus, mesocolon, stomach and peritoneal cavity (1 case each). Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that the tumor cells exhibited positive staining for anaplastic lymphoma kinase p80 (13/17), smooth muscle actin (12/17), cytokeratin pan (6/17), vimentin (5/17) and desmin (4/17). The follow-up time was 18–114 months. A patient with epithelial inflammatory myofibroblast sarcoma (EIMS) succumbed to the disease, 1 case was lost to follow-up, 2 cases relapsed and the other 13 cases were considered cured. IMTs may be malignant or low-grade. EIMS is a rare and invasive variant of IMT. The clinical and imaging manifestations are often unique and vary among individuals. Once confirmed by pathology, radical surgery should be the first choice of treatment.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of 17 cases of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor at a University Hospital in China