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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small non-protein coding RNAs, which regulate the expression of a wide variety of genes at the post-transcriptional level to control numerous biological and pathological processes. Various circulating miRNAs have been identified as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in multiple types of cancer and disease. The aim of the present study was to identify potential miRNA biomarkers for the early diagnosis and relapse prediction of osteosarcoma (OS). miRNA profiling was performed on serum from patients with osteosarcoma and healthy controls. All putative miRNAs were verified by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of 20 pre-therapeutic OS patients and 20 healthy individuals. The expression of miR-106a-5p, miR16-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-425-5p, miR451a, miR-25-3p and miR139-5p was demonstrated to be downregulated in the serum of OS patients when compared with that of the healthy controls. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses indicated that these 7 miRNAs may be used as diagnostic biomarkers with the ability to discriminate between the healthy cohort and patients with OS. These results provide novel insights into the use of miRNAs in early blood screening for OS.

MicroRNA screening identifies circulating microRNAs as potential biomarkers for osteosarcoma