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The present study aimed to examine the impact of a 3-bp indel (rs57408770) polymorphism within the pre-microRNA (miR)-3131 polymorphism on prostate cancer (PCa) risk in a sample of an Iranian population. In total, 340 subjects, including 177 patients with PCa and 170 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, were enrolled in the present case-control study. A mismatch polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method was designed for genotyping the 3-bp indel (rs57408770) polymorphism. The present findings demonstrated that the indel variant significantly increased the risk of PCa in codominant [odds ratio (OR)=2.23, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.13-4.37; P=0.021, insertion (ins)/ins vs. deletion (del)/del] and recessive (OR=2.33, 95% CI=1.25-4.36; P=0.009, ins/ins vs. del/del + del/ins). In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, the present findings for the first time proposed that a 3-bp indel variant of miR-3131 may be a risk factor for susceptibility to PCa in a sample of an Iranian population. Further studies with different ethnicities and larger sample sizes are required to validate the present findings.

molecular and clinical oncology

Evaluation of a 3-base pair indel polymorphism within pre-microRNA-3131 in patients with prostate cancer using mismatch polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism