Capsosiphon fulvescens glycoprotein inhibits AGS gastric cancer cell proliferation by downregulating Wnt-1 signaling

Previously, we examined various apoptosis pathways in the AGS gastric cancer cell line using Capsosiphon fulvescens glycoprotein (Cf-GP). In this study, we focused on the downregulation of the Wnt-1 signaling pathway and cell cycle arrest. Upregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway has been observed in various cancer cells. The Wnt signal ligand acts in both canonical and non-canonical pathways. Among them, Wnt-1 was dependent on the canonical pathway. Here, we show inhibition of Wnt-1 signaling, β-catenin and transcription factors in AGS cells via Cf-GP. First, we examined the Frizzled receptor and Wnt-1 signal-related proteins including Axin, LRP, β-catenin, APC and GSK-3β. In addition, the expression levels of transcription factors Tcf/LEF were determined by western blot analysis and RT-PCR. Based on the data, we confirmed downregulation of the Wnt-1 signaling pathway by Cf-GP. Also, we determined the expression levels of cell cycle-related proteins cyclin D and c-myc, and looked for cell cycle arrest by cell cycle test analysis. We found that AGS cells arrested in the G0/G1 phase by Cf-GP. These results provide a mechanism of AGS cell inhibition through the downregulation of Wnt-1 signaling by Cf-GP.