Role of osteodensitometry in osteoporosis and osteopenia in psoriatic arthritis

Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) determines the mineral contents for the spine, the proximal femur and the entire body. A group of 36 patients with psoriatic arthritis were chosen, with different types of arthropathy, from the total 82 patients with psoriatic arthritis in the study group, for which bone mineral density (BMD) was measured, using the DEXA technique. The chosen study group comprised 12 men, 12 premenopausal women and 12 menopausal women, with psoriatic joint damage and a group of 36 healthy individuals, divided based on the same criteria: Men, premenopausal and menopausal women. This study did not emphasize an association between the patient type and the presented bone demineralization type (χ2 (2)=4.473, P=0.107) in men. In premenopausal women, there was a significant association between the patient type and the presented bone demineralization type (χ2 (2)=8.778, P=0.012), as the female patients with psoriatic arthritis presented total and partial demineralization to a larger degree, compared with healthy individuals. In menopausal women, this study did not highlight an association between the patient type and the presented bone demineralization type (χ2 (2)=4.523, P=0.104). Bone demineralization was significant in all three patient groups, both total and partial, in patients with psoriatic arthritis compared with healthy patients. Bone demineralization manifested as osteopenia, with T-scores ranging from -2.5 to -1, and not as osteoporosis. Determining B MD by DEXA technique revealed osteopenia to a higher degree within the group of patients with psoriatic arthritis compared with the healthy patients, as well as the absence of osteoporosis in psoriatic arthritis.