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MicroRNA-124 (miR-124) has been demonstrated to be downregulated in numerous human malignancies and correlated with tumor progression. However, its expression and clinical significance in osteosarcoma remains unclear. Thus, the aim of the present study was to explore the effects of miR-124 in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and development. Using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, miR-124 expression was detected in primary osteosarcoma tissues and osteosarcoma cell lines. The correlation of miR-124 expression with clinicopathological factors and prognosis was statistically analyzed. MTT, flow cytometric, and Transwell invasion and migration assays were used to test the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells transfected with miR-124 mimic. It was found that the expression levels of miR-124 in osteosarcoma tissues were significantly lower than those in corresponding noncancerous bone tissues (P&lt;0.001). In addition, miR-124 downregulation more frequently occurred in osteosarcoma specimens with advanced clinical stage (P&lt;0.001), positive distant metastasis (P=0.005) and poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P=0.013). Univariate and multivariate analysis identified low miR-124 expression as an unfavorable prognostic factor for overall survival. Furthermore, transfection of miR-124 mimic into MG63 cells was able to reduce cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and promote cell apoptosis. These findings indicate that miR-124 may act not only as a novel diagnostic and prognostic marker, but also as a potential target for the molecular therapy of osteosarcoma.

MicroRNA-124 functions as a tumor suppressor and indicates prognosis in human osteosarcoma