Open AccessAnimal reservoirs for visceral leishmaniasis in densely populated urban areas
Author(s) -
Renato L. Santos,
S.A. Diniz,
Fabiana Lessa Silva,
Alcina C. Carvalho Neta,
Regina Bueno,
Rita M.S.N.C. Guerra,
Ana Lúcia AbreuSilva
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the journal of infection in developing countries
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.322
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 2036-6590
pISSN - 1972-2680
DOI - 10.3855/jidc.318
Subject(s) - visceral leishmaniasis , urbanization , leishmaniasis , geography , disease , public health , vector (molecular biology) , transmission (telecommunications) , metropolitan area , environmental health , veterinary medicine , environmental protection , biology , medicine , ecology , immunology , pathology , gene , electrical engineering , recombinant dna , biochemistry , engineering , archaeology
Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease of major public health and veterinary importance, affecting 88 countries with up to 2 million cases per year. This review emphasizes the animal reservoirs and spreading of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in urban areas, particularly in two Brazilian metropolitan areas, namely São Luis and Belo Horizonte, where the disease has become endemic in the past few years. Urbanization of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil during the last decades has created favorable epidemiological conditions for maintenance of the disease, with dense human populations sharing a tropical environment with abundant populations of the mammalian reservoir and the invertebrate vector, facilitating transmission of the disease.
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