Available COVID-19 vaccine platforms: A roadmap to eclipsing the SARS-CoV-2 viral saga

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have devastated the globe and continues to be a protracted saga. In the absence of specific efficacious medical remedies, efforts to encounter and contain this emerging virus concentrated on vaccine production. A plethora of novel vaccines has been under development by major companies in different countries. To date, around 60 vaccines are in clinical trials with many other ones continuously added to the evolving pipeline. The variety in their corresponding designed platform and phases, warrants to tackle and understand what is being presented in the literature and launched in the market.  Thus, this study is intended to enlighten and educate the medical community by reviewing the different vaccine platforms, and briefly explaining their mechanism of action with an emphasis on those that reached most advanced stages.