Can Bioethics Protect the Holders of Compromised Decisional Competence?

Background This article aims to address questions related to the protection of rights of holders of compromised decisional competence, to make decisions, especially for its condition of vulnerability in relation to the other members of the human community to which they belong to, in access to the preservation of their dignity. Methods and Findings  Although Bioethics has been increasingly evolving in plural and secular democratic societies, gaps and conflicts deserve a special reflection which can result in new paths and solutions for those with limitations in their abilities of understanding and determine according to this understanding, making decisions that may not translate a reflected decision about the health care they can undergo, as well as participation in scientific research and other issues involving their health and their bodies. Conclusions   This work recommends a greater appreciation of patient autonomy, as well as embracing the Advance Directive of Will in the western world, with some limitations encountered, and some suggestions offered.