A REVIEW ON ANTI-UROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

The paired kidneys are reddish, bean-shaped organs located just above the waist between the peritoneum and the posterior wall of abdomen. Because their position is posterior to the peritoneum of the abdomen cavity, they are said to be retroperitoneal organs. The kidneys are located between the levels of the last thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae, a position where they are partially protected by the eleventh and twelfth pairs of ribs.