Comparative antimicrobial activity of Sophora interrupta and Clitoria ternatea

Disease and death have always held the attention of human mind. Ancient humans ascribed them to divine wrath and other super natural forces [1]. Later, it was known that microorganisms are the causative agents although the majority of microorganisms play beneficial or benign roles some harm humans and have disrupted society over the millennia. Microbial diseases undoubtedly played a major role in historical events such as the decline of the Roman Empire and the conquest of the new world [2]. Agostino Bassi first showed a microorganism could cause disease when he demonstrated in 1835 that a silk worm disease was due to microbial infections. M.J. Berkeley proved that the great potato blight of Ireland was caused by a water mould an in 1853, Heinrich de Bary showed that smut and rust fungi caused cereal crop disease. Due to this harmful effects of microorganisms there put forth the necessity of anti microbial agents. In general, bacteria have the genetic ability to transmit and acquire resistance to drugs, which are utilized as therapeutic agents [3]. The problem of microbial resistance is growing and the outlook for the use of antimicrobial drugs in the future is still uncertain. Therefore, actions must be taken to reduce this problem, for example, to control the use of antibiotic, and develop research to better understand the genetic mechanisms of resistance and to continue studies to develop new drugs, either synthetic or natural. The ultimate goal is to offer appropriate and efficient antimicrobial drugs to the patient. To overcome the draw backs of synthetic antimicrobials, many researchers have focused their attention on antimicrobials of plant origin. As they have enormous therapeutic potential. They are effective in the treatment of infectious diseases while simultaneously mitigating many of the side effects that are often associated with the synthetic antimicrobials. Many commercially proven drugs used in modern medicine were initially used in crude form in traditional or folk healing practices or for other purposes that suggested potentially useful biological activity [4]. Plant based antimicrobials represent a vast untapped source [5].The use of plant extract for medicinal treatment has become popular when people realized that the effective life span of antibiotic is limited and over prescription and misuse of traditional antibiotics are causing microbial resistance. At present, nearly 30% or more of the modern pharmacological drugs are derived directly or Journal of Comprehensive Pharmacy