In the San Joaquin Valley, mating disruption of codling moth has mixed results

Pheromone confusion worked best in isolated orchards with low codling moth populations. In areas where codling moth developed three to four generations and apples were exposed to egg laying for each generation, mating disruption with pheromones was not consistently successful in suppressing codling moth populations. For an orchard with an established history of codling moth infestation, well-timed insecticide sprays had to be integrated with the confusion technique to obtain adequate control.