Therapeutic effects of chitosan nanoparticles

Various pathetic drugs prescribed to kill or inhibit the growth of microbes such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Although the therapeutic efficacy of these drugs has been well established, inefficient delivery could result in an inadequate therapeutic index and local and systemic side effects including dermal irritation, paring and scaling, and gut flora reduction. Nanostructured biomaterials, nanoparticles, in particular, have distinctive physicochemical properties such as ultra-small and controllable size, large surface area-to-mass ratio, high reactivity, and functionalizable structure.[1] Chitosan is a congenital polysaccharide prepared by the N-deacetylation of chitin. It has been broadly used in food and bioengineering industries, including the encapsulation of active food component, in enzyme immobilization, and as a carrier for determined drug delivery, due to its remarkable biological and chemical patrimony such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, bioactivity, and polycationicity.[2]