English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

HIV/AIDS continues to be a significant medical problem worldwide. An effective and safe vaccine remains a high priority. Most HIV vaccine candidates to date have failed to elicit effective immune responses that are necessary to control HIV infection. The results of a promising phase III trial conducted in Thailand using a recombinant canarypox vector vaccine (ALVAC) expressing HIV Gag in combination with recombinant HIVEnv glycoprotein gp120 (AIDSVAX), showed 31.2% efficacy in humans and raised the prospect of a protective vaccine. The most recommended HIV vaccines are focusing on inducing specific CD8+ T as a critical immune response to control progression and dissemination of HIV virus from the site of infection into different mucosal compartments of the body.This study project used influenza viruses as a mucosal live vaccine vector to stimulate effective CD8+ T cell immunity. Recombinant influenza A viruses, H3N2 (HK-X31) and H1N1 (A/PR8/8/34) expressing defined mouse HIV-1 CD8+ T cell epitopes (H-2Kd Gag197-205 and H-2Kd Tat17-25) in the neuraminidase (NA) stalk were generated using reverse genetics and administered as a prime-boost vaccine within various mucosal routes of vaccination, intranasal-intranasal, intravaginal-intravaginal, intranasalintravaginal and intravaginal-intranasal vaccination in BALB/C mice. Following those prime-boost vaccinations, tetramer and intracellular cytokine staining assays used for the detection of specific CD8+ T cell immune response in harvested organs, spleen, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), mediastinal and inguinal lymph nodes. In addition, mucosal HIV-specific CD8+ T cells were detected using specific anti-mouse CD8α antibodies directed against specific integrins (LPAM-1 and CD103). Moreover, the level of specific cytokines, such as interleukin15 (IL-15) detected within specific mucosal CD8+ T cells for the detection of the migrated HIV-1 Gag+ CD8+ T cells.Our result showed there was an induction of CD8+ T cells targeted H-2KdGag197-205, compared to no CD8+ T cell responses specific for H-2Kd Tat17-25 in recombined influenza-HIV vaccinated BALB/c mice. Also, comparable HIV and endogenous influenza-specific CD8+ T cell responses following intranasallyintranasally prime-boost vaccination in harvested lymphoid tissues, spleen, bronchoalveolar lavage, and mediastinal lymph nodes compared to inguinal lymph nodes which included a high proportion of specific CD8+ T cell immune response following intravaginal-intravaginal prime-boost infection. Moreover, a proportion of these cells isolated from mice infected with recombinant influenza-HIV vaccine intranasally-intranasally primeboost expressed mucosal surface integrins, especially LPAM-1(α4β7) of local and distal lymph nodes higher than the levels observed following intravaginal vaccination. In addition, mucosal LPAM-1+HIV-Gag197-205+ CD8+ T cells harvested of intranasal prime-boost vaccinated mice were recognized by a high expression of IL15 compared to LPAM-1-HIVGag197-205+ CD8+ T cells.We conclude that the intranasal prime-boost vaccination as one of the mucosal routes of vaccination using recombinant influenza viruses as mucosal viral vectors of HIV vaccine in BALB/c mice has an important role in stimulating both specific and mucosal CD8+ T cells within a high level and these cells would be important for migration of mucosal specific CD8+ T cells given the mucosal acquisition of HIV infection and control of HIV-1 virus dissemination through mucosal compartments.

Prime boost HIV vaccination with recombinant influenza virus vectors stimulates specific and mucosal CD8+ T cell immune response in BALB/c mice