Zoneamento do risco de incêndios florestais em bacia hidrográfica

The present study aimed to introduce the development of a methodology for mapping the forest fire risk of the watershed of Anhumas stream, located among the municipalities of Anhembi, Bofete and Botucatu, State of São Paulo. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to preparation of the risk factors maps relative to altimetry, slope, terrain exposure faces, influence of roads, use and occupation of soil. The factors were integrated and elaborated through a decision-making technique called Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), their respective weights were determined, being 0.036 to altimetry; 0.237 to slope; 0.060 to terrain exposure faces; 0.101 to influence of roads; and 0.566 to use and occupation of soil. The overlap of information of risk factors, generated the map of forest fire risk in the watershed. The results indicate the risk class of fire “Low” in 5.69 %, “Moderate” in 15.34 %, “High” in 23.34 %, “Very High” in 45.73 %, and “Extreme” in 9.90 % of total area of the watershed. Risk classes “High”, “Very Brazilian Journal of Development Braz. J. of Develop., Curitiba, v. 6, n. 5, p.28779-28790, may. 2020. ISSN 2525-8761 28781 High” and “Extreme” deserves greater attention, because if added, they represent more than 75 % of total area of Anhumas stream and for such kind of classes are necessary planning and other preventive practices of firefighting like fire hazard indexes, firebreak construction and a well-elaborated logistics for quick access to firefighting when needed.