The Residues Effect of some Crop Plants on Germination and Growth of Five Wheat Cultivars Triticum aestivum L.

The research was conducted to study the effect of the crops (Cucumis melo L., Cucumis sativus L. and Cucurbita pepo L.) residues, added to the soil at the ratio 5% W: W, incubated for (0,2,4,6 weeks), in germination and growth of five wheat cultivars Triticum aestivum L. including (Buro, Abu Graib, Rashid, Sham 6 and IPA 99). The results showed a significant reduction in seed germination and the growth of the wheat plants grown in the soil containing the crops residues as compared with the control (without residues), showing the difference in the effect of the crops type, the C. melo residues caused the greatest reduction, also incubation periods differ in their effect of قلاخلا دبع نانج و رابجلادبع راتسلادبع ةيداف ديعس 9 the crops residues. The interaction between cultivars and the incubation period, crops residues showed significant reduction in seed germination and growth, so the least germination percentage recorded (60.42%), the shoot and root length (26.27cm, 31.74cm), and the dry weight of them (1.29gm, 0.31gm), occur in the IPA 99 at the period 4 weeks incubation of residues, were as the highest values of seed germination and growth are (98.32%, 52.20cm, 57.53cm, 2.04 gm, 0.62gm) showed in Buro plants grown in control soil (without residues ). This was a comparison with the change in chlorophyll a, b content of the plant. The results showed through the search on type of fungal were found in the soil containing the crops residues as compared with the control (without residues), the each of fungus Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solani found at percent 60 % and % 52 respectively, in the soil containing the crop residues. Wheat cultivars showed difference in their response the effect to the crop residues, indicating that Buro showed resistance to the effect with better germination and growth, where as IPA 99 showed sensitive to the effect.