The Use of Anatomical Characteristics of The Stems in The Identification of Five Cultivars of Italian Pear Plant (Pyruscommunis L.) Cultivated in The North of Iraq

This research included a taxonomic study of pears plant using the anatomical characteristics of the stems of five cultivars of the Pyrus communis L. imported from Italy and implanted in Iraq (Beurre hardy, Conference, Bonne louise, Abate fetel, Doyenne comice). The cultivars were compared anatomically. The results showed significant differences for many of the anatomical characters including: The thickness and shape of the cross section of the stems, as well as the thickness and type of the bronchimic and collagenic tissue, as well as the thickness and shape of the phloem and xylem, and the number of vascular bundles. These important taxonomic variations played an important role in the isolation and identification cultivars.