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TCP proteins, the plant-specific transcription factors, are involved in the regulation of multiple aspects of plant development among different species, such as leaf development, branching, and flower symmetry. However, thus far, the roles of TCPs in legume, especially in nodulation are still not clear. In this study, a genome-wide analysis of  TCP  genes was carried out to discover their evolution and function in  Medicago truncatula . In total, 21  MtTCPs  were identified and classified into class I and class II, and the class II  MtTCPs  were further divided into two subclasses, CIN and CYC/TB1. The expression profiles of  MtTCPs  are dramatically different. The universal expression of class I  MtTCPs  was detected in all organs. However, the  MtTCPs  in CIN subclass were highly expressed in leaf and most of the members in CYC/TB1 subclass were highly expressed in flower. Such organ-specific expression patterns of  MtTCPs  suggest their different roles in plant development. In addition, most  MtTCPs  were down-regulated during the nodule development, except for the putative  MtmiR319  targets,  MtTCP3, MtTCP4 , and  MtTCP10A . Overexpression of  MtmiR319A  significantly reduced the expression level of  MtTCP3/4/10A/10B  and resulted in the decreased nodule number, indicating the important roles of  MtmiR319 -targeted  MtTCPs  in nodulation. Taken together, this study systematically analyzes the  MtTCP  gene family at a genome-wide level and their possible functions in nodulation, which lay the basis for further explorations of  MtmiR319/MtTCPs  module in association with nodule development in  M. truncatula .

frontiers in plant science

Genome-Wide Identification of TCP Family Transcription Factors in Medicago truncatula Reveals Significant Roles of miR319-Targeted TCPs in Nodule Development