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Background:  According to recommendations, non-invasive monitoring during neonatal resuscitation after birth includes heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ). Continuous transcutaneous monitoring of carbon dioxide partial pressure (tcpCO 2 ) may further offer quantitative information on neonatal respiratory status.   Objective:  We aimed to investigate feasibility of tcpCO 2  measurements in the delivery room during immediate neonatal transition and to compare the course of tcpCO 2  between stable term and preterm infants.   Methods:  Neonates without need for cardio-respiratory intervention during immediate transition after birth were enrolled in a prospective observational study. In these term and preterm neonates, we measured HR and SpO 2  by pulse oximetry on the right wrist and tcpCO 2  with the sensor applied on the left hemithorax during the first 15 min after birth. Courses of tcpCO 2  were analyzed in term and preterm neonates and groups were compared.   Results:  Fifty-three term (gestational age: 38.8 ± 0.9 weeks) and 13 preterm neonates (gestational age: 34.1 ± 1.5 weeks) were included. First tcpCO 2  values were achieved in both groups at minute 4 after birth, which reached a stable plateau after the equilibration phase at minute 9. Mean tcpCO 2  values 15 min after birth were 46.2 (95% CI 34.5–57.8) mmHg in term neonates and 48.5 (95%CI 43.0–54.1) mmHg in preterm neonates. Preterm and term infants did not show significant differences in the tcpCO 2  values at any time point.   Conclusion:  This study demonstrates that tcpCO 2  measurement is feasible during immediate neonatal transition after birth and that tcpCO 2  values were comparable in stable term and preterm neonates.

Feasibilty of Transcutaneous pCO2 Monitoring During Immediate Transition After Birth—A Prospective Observational Study