Endovascular Treatment of Intralobar Pulmonary Sequestration with Vascular Plug: A Case Report

Pulmonary sequestration is a congenital malformation involving a mass of non-functioning pulmonary tissue that does not communicate with the bronchial tree or the pulmonary arteries (1). Intralobar sequestration is commonly seen in young adults with no symptoms or nonspecific symptoms, such as chest pain, dyspnea, and wheezing. Recently, several case reports documented that endovascular embolization with coils is a safe and effective alternative treatment replacing surgery when dealing with pulmonary sequestration (2-4). Also, the use of new occluding devices has been associated with high success rate and efficacy for the embolization of the aberrant artery to the intralobar sequestration from the aorta (5, 6). There has been no established regimen for endovascular treatment until now. As far as we know, we are the first to describe the successfully treated case of intralobar pulmonary sequestration by occlusion of the feeding artery with type II Amplatzer Vascular Plugs and antibiotic-soaked gelatin sponge particles in an adult.