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espanoleste trabajo analiza el papel de la actividad innovadora y el entorno tecnologico de un pais en la decision de ser empleador (autoempleado con asalariados) frente a la alternativa de ser trabajador autonomo (autoempleado sin asalariados). Para ello, se estiman modelos de eleccion discreta con variable dependiente binaria utilizando los microdatos del Panel de Hogares de la Union Europea (PHOGUE). Como medidas de innovacion, se utilizan diferentes indicadores agregados a nivel de pais que miden tanto el esfuerzo tecnologico (gasto en actividades de i+D y numero de empleados en actividades de I+D) como los resultados de la actividad cientifico-tecnica (solicitudes de patentes ante la Oficina Europea de Patentes –EPO– y la Oficina de Patentes y Marcas de Estados Unidos –USPTO–). Nuestros resultados sugieren que las actividades y esfuerzos en materia de innovacion afectan a la composicion relativa del tejido empresarial en favor de los empleadores frente a los trabajadores autonomos. EnglishThis work analyses the role of innovation and technological environment at the country level in the individual decision to be an employer (self-employed with employees) against the alternative of being an own-account worker (self-employed without employees). To this end, we estimate binary discrete choice models, using microdata drawn from the european Community Household Panel (ECHP). As measures of innovation, we use different aggregated indicators at the country level aimed at capturing both technological effort (R&D expenditures and employment share of high-tech and knowledge-intensive sectors) and results of scientifictechnical activity (number of patent applications to the European Patent Office –EPO– and to the United States Patent and Trademark Office –USPTO–). We find strong support for a positive relationship between these indicators of the technological environment and the relative weight of employers on total self-employment.

Entorno tecnológico y composición cualitativa del tejido empresarial en la UE-15