Fabrication of Nanofiltration Membrane Utilising Surfactant Via Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation Method

In this work, graphene oxide (GO) and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) were used as an additive to fabricate the nanofiltration (NF) membrane. GO was synthesised via electrochemical exfoliation method utilising sodium bis(3,5,5-trimethyl-1-hexyl) sulphosuccinate (AOT4) surfactant. The synthesised GO was then used to fabricate PVDF-based NF membrane namely PVDF/GO_TiO 2 via non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method. The effects of embedded GO and TiO 2 on the morphology and structural properties of PVDF/GO_TiO 2 were investigated by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The finding shows that PVDF/GO_TiO 2 present thin and dense top layer supported by macro-voids sub-layer with sponge-like layer at the bottom. Based on its morphology, the fabricated PVDF/GO_TiO 2 membrane is potential to be applied as membrane filtration for water treatment application.