Diversity and differentiation, PHD program options in Chile

The article explores the processes of differentiation and diversity in PhD program offerings in Chile. Based on a review of literature in the field, the concepts of differentiation and diversity in this context are defined. The methodological strategy combines a diachronic perspective —in order to identify the processes of differentiation over time— with a synchronic one, to analyze the current state of diversity, and incorporates several key variables: educational policy, academic–institutional environment, funding, regional coverage and quality assurance experience. The study´s conclusions point to the importance of the 1980 educational reform in creating favorable conditions for a differentiation in PhD options; the relevance of the academic-institutional environment and state funding in the development of PhD programs; the consensus generated among programs regarding the processes of quality assurance; and the imbalance in terms of quality and areas of knowledge on doctoral offerings, between regions.