Herramientas e indicadores para el análisis de la temporalidad en el periodismo digital y el documental interactivo

Over the last two decades, digital journalism and interactive documentaries have produced works in which interactivity, multimedia, and participation articulate the access and consumption of information. These are basically multimedia and dynamic texts that delve into two-way communication and hypertext, and motivate active reading. These are informational pieces typical of the digital ecosystem that often mutate via social networks and present significant transformations in their temporal evolution. Reading, analyzing, and understanding these texts requires specific tools and methodologies that consider: (a) the dynamism of such pieces, as well as their temporal modification, (b) their multimodal dimension, and (c) their transmedia development. This article proposes a methodological reflection on the ways of reading interactive documentary audiovisual texts and proposes strategies and tools for their understanding and analysis based on detailed reading (close reading), and decoupage. This research focuses on an analysis of the temporal evolution of these journalistic pieces. The need to observe and analyze the temporal dimension of journalistic texts in the digital ecosystem has allowed the development of specific methodologies (Widholm, 2016; Karlsson; Sjøvaag, 2016; Buhl; Günther; Quandt, 2018) focused on the immediacy and mutability of journalistic news, its permanence in networks, and its temporal evolution. However, these tools do not consider the study of large-scale journalistic stories, typical of interactive documentaries, which require a specific multimodal approach (Hiippala, 2017; Van-Krieken, 2018, Freixa et al., 2014; Freixa, 2015). A detailed reading reveals how the interactive documentary considers the dimension, both temporal and of content and form, of the traditional documentary text, by becoming part of a transmedia framework as part of a dialogue with the public.