Review of the past, present, and future of the hydrometallurgical production of nickel and cobalt from lateritic ores
Author(s) -
Srđan Stanković,
Sreċko Stopić,
Miroslav Sokić,
Branislav Marković,
Bernd Friedrich
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
metallurgical and materials engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.161
H-Index - 2
eISSN - 2812-9105
pISSN - 2217-8961
DOI - 10.30544/513
Subject(s) - nickel , laterite , cobalt , hydrometallurgy , heap leaching , metallurgy , pyrometallurgy , leaching (pedology) , materials science , environmental science , tailings , copper , soil science , soil water , smelting
Laterite ores are becoming the most important global source of nickel and cobalt. Pyrometallurgical processing of the laterites is still a dominant technology, but the share of nickel and cobalt produced by the application of various hydrometallurgical technologies is increasing. Hydrometallurgy is a less energy-demanding process, resulting in lower operational costs and environmental impacts. This review covers past technologies for hydrometallurgical processing of nickel and cobalt (Caron), current technologies (high-pressure acid leaching, atmospheric leaching, heap leaching), developing technologies (Direct nickel, Neomet) as well as prospective biotechnologies (Ferredox process).
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