La política agrícola en México durante el periodo 1995-2009: un análisis multivariado

espanolEl objetivo central de la investigacion, fue analizar la participacion del gobierno mexicano en el desarrollo del sector agropecuario en el periodo de 1995 a 2009. La metodologia utilizada es mediante el analisis multivariado. La politica agricola se clasifico en cuatro grupos, y en cada uno se efectuo un analisis de componentes principales. Esto permitio realizar un analisis de politica global con cuatro variables, ya que en este los instrumentos de la politica agricola, fueron representados por las componentes con la mayor proporcion de varianza explicada, generadas en cada grupo de politica: politica de gasto publico (GASPU1), politica de credito agricola (CRED1), politica de apoyos directos a la agricultura (POLAB1) y politica de insumos (INSU1). Los coeficientes de las combinaciones lineales obtenidas mediante el analisis de componentes principales, se utilizaron posteriormente para describir la congruencia de la instrumentacion de la politica agricola y el efecto entre este grupo de instrumentos de la politica agricola y el producto interno bruto agropecuario. La correlacion positiva entre el producto interno bruto agropecuario con la politica agricola indica que la agricultura mexicana depende de la politica gubernamental. EnglishThe main objective of the investigation was to examine the role of the Mexican government in the development of agriculture in the period 1995-2009. The methodology used is by multivariate analysis. Agricultural policy was classified into four groups, and in each one was made the principal components analysis. This allowed to perform a global policy analysis with four variables, since in this instrument of agricultural policy, were represented by the components with the highest proportion of explained variance generated in each group of policy: public expenditure policy (GASPU1), agricultural credit policy (CRED1), direct support for agriculture policy (POLAB1) and inputs policy (INSU1). The coefficients of the linear combinations obtained through the analysis of principal components, were subsequently used to describe the consistency of the implementation of the agricultural policy and the effect among this group of instruments of agricultural policy and agricultural GDP (gross domestic product). The positive correlation between agricultural GDP with the agricultural policy indicates that Mexican agriculture depends on government policy.