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Lipopolysaccharide is a component of outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria involved in the pathogenic process leading to mastitis and metritis in dairy cattle. Additionally, LPS could be caused endometrium inflammation and implantation failure in many animal species. Based on economic importance of these diseases in dairy cattle industry, analysis of differential gene expression (DGE) and also detection of related pathways in LPS challenge using transcriptome analysis is essential in understanding the mechanism of process. In the present study, after separation of endometrial epithelial cells, and expose them with different doses of LPS (0, 2 and 8 mg/ml), total RNA was extracted and was used for transcriptome libraries preparation. In general, 12 samples (four samples per cow) were sequenced by high throughput technology from three Swedish Red breed cows. The DGE and also biological pathways were identified. The results of present study showed that 2035 genes differentially were expressed between control and treated groups which 752 genes involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis pathway. Additionally, the results of counted epithelial cells have shown that LPS could be significantly increased cell proliferation. Biological pathway analysis showed that some signaling pathways related to immune system such as Toll-like receptor, T cell receptor, MAPK signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathways, endometrial cancer pathway and also apoptosis and cell proliferation signaling pathways involved in this challenge. According to our knowledge, this study is the first research that has been done in bovine endometrial epithelial cells which can increase our understanding related to the mechanisms of inflammations caused by uterine infections in dairy cattle.

Differential Gene Expression Analysis in Bovine Endometrial Epithelial Cells Following by E. Coli LPS Challenge