Study of the Inheritability of Morphological Traits in some Barley Genotypes (Hordeum vulgare) by Analysis Diallel Crosses

Barleys one of the important four major crops in the world after wheat, corn and rice. About 2.16 million hectare of arable land was cultivated by barely in 2011-2012. In order to investigate heritability and gene action was used barely half-diallel of 7 × 7 in some barley-related yield traits. For this purpose were used in 6 barley genotypes with Sahra variety (the native desert). Tests carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station of gorgan (Iraqi Research Station neighborhood) 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 years. The traits were of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, spike weight, grain weight, 1000 grain weight, spikelet number, plant height, spike length, peduncle length and days to maturity. The results showed significant mean square of parents and crosses for all traits. Therefore, performed genetic analysis for traits In most of the traits was estimated to be non-additive variance greater than additive, also, calculation of average degree of dominance indicated for all traits except spike length overdominance genes effect, graphical analysis that confirmed it. Broad sense heritability not so high for traits, So phenotypic selection is not an appropriate method and the results will not be consolidated in next generations. So, hybridization will be more effective method of selection for traits in order to achieve the objectives of the reform. 166/352 genotypes for temperate regions has the highest average seed number and weight of grains per spike and the highest average seed number and weight of grains per spike and 166/352×283/352 crosses have become the highest average grain yield related traits.