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The aim of the present study was to estimate the loss of soil due to sheet erosion in ten sub-basins (SWDs) located in the lower course of the Itapecuru River based on different scenarios of land use and coverage in the years 2005, 2010 and 2015. For such, the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). Annual R amounts were 11314.5 MJ mm ha-1 yr-1, with the greatest effects found in March and April. K values were related to soil types in the sub-basins, dominated by Plinthosols and Argilosols, with estimated contributions of 0.0429 and 0.030 t ha MJ-1 mm-1, respectively. The LS factor demonstrated a flat, smooth topography with slopes ranging between 0 and 5° over 93% of the study area. The standard CP indicated that green areas were prevalent in all years analyzed and that the main changes in the ten-year period occurred in sub-basins 1, 2 and 10. Regarding the USLE, the ";;very low";; class was the most representative throughout the time series. However, changes in the CP factor, especially in sub-basins 1 and 2, evidenced the expansion of areas susceptible to sheet erosion, with the increase in the occurrence of ";;moderate";; and ";;moderate to strong";; classes triggered by changes in landscape patterns. The present findings are important to environmental management and the prioritization of environmental conservation actions in the SWDs. R E S U M O O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estimar a perda de solo por erosao laminar em dez sub-bacias hidrograficas (SBHs) localizadas no Baixo Curso do Rio Itapecuru, com base em diferentes cenarios de uso e cobertura da terra nos anos de 2005, 2010 e 2015. Com este proposito optou-se pela utilizacao da Equacao Universal de Perda de Solos – EUPS, que integra os seguintes fatores: erosividade da chuva (R), erodibilidade do solo (K), fator topografico (LS) e fator de uso e conservacao do solo (CP). Os resultados evidenciaram que R anual equivale a 11.314,5 MJ mm ha -1 ano -1 , com maiores efeitos nos meses de marco e abril. Os valores de K estao relacionados com as tipologias de solos das SBHs, onde predominam Plintossolos e Argilossolos, respectivamente com contribuicoes estimadas de 0,0429 e 0,030 t ha MJ -1 mm -1 . O fator LS revelou que predomina relevo plano e suave, com declividades variando entre 0o e 5o, estendendo-se por 93% da area de estudo. O padrao de CP indicou que as areas verdes foram predominantes nos anos de 2005, 2010 e 2015, e que, entre os 10 anos, as principais alteracoes foram constatadas para as SBHs 1, 2 e 10. Quanto a EUPS, a classe “Muito Baixa” foi a mais representativa em toda serie temporal. No entanto, devido as mudancas no Fator CP, principalmente nas SBHs 1 e 2, evidenciou-se a ampliacao das areas susceptiveis a erosao laminar, devido ao aumento das classes “Moderada” e “Moderada a forte”, desencadeada pelas alteracoes nos padroes da paisagem. Os resultado obtidos sao significativo para gerenciamento ambiental e priorizacao das acoes de conservacao ambiental das SBHs. Palavras-chave: erosividade, erodibilidade, relevo, conservacao do solo, EUPS.

revista brasileira de geografia física

Erosive Potential in Sub-basins of the Lower Itapecuru River in the State of Maranhão, Northeastern Brazil (Potencial erosivo das sub-bacias hidrográficas do Baixo Curso do Rio Itapecuru, Estado do Maranhão, Nordeste do Brasil)