Mikroflora Jamur Produk Kakao Kering Serta Kemungkinan Penghambatan Jamur Penghasil Toksin oleh Bakteri Asam Laktat dan Bacillus Spp.

Myco t o x ins contam i nation in s u n dri ed co coa h as becom e a c oncern i n publi c he alth b u t  i t has not bee n stud i e d t horou gh ly ye t.   T his res ea r ch  a imed t o under sta n d t h e ecology of f u nga l contam i nation in r e l a tion to the occurr e nce of t o x i gen i c  meta boli t es  in I n dones ian  and  Au stra li a n f erment ed cocoa.    The beans  w e re  surfac e  di s i nf ec t e d  with 0. 4 % chlo ri ne prior t o deposite  ont o Dich lor a n  18  % Glycero l  Aga r ( DG - 1 8. O XOID ) .    Tot a l  fun ga l cou nt  wa s o b t ai ne d from s e ri a l dil utions o n  D G-18 me d i um.    Str eak i ng on t o D i chi ote n Rose Benga l Chl o ramp h e n ic o l Ag ar ( DRBC , O XOID ) purifi e d a sp e ci fi c mou l d c o lony.  S i multa neou sly . Aspergillu s  sec . Flav i co l on i es were c onfi r med u s i n g A sp e r g ill us  F l a vus P ara s i ticus  Aga r ( AFPA. OXOID ).   T he confir mato ry  test w as ma i n ly  ba sed  on morph ological  exam i nal i o n  u nd e r p h ase   c ontrast m i c r osco p e .  Fung a l popul a tion i n Ind o nes i an b e ans v ari e d be lween 10’ 4 – 10 5 cfu/g , w hil e th e p opula t io ns on Q ueensl a nd beans w ere consi s te n tly l o w (<100 -   2.5 x 10 2 c fu / g ) .   Howev e r . th ere was  a high i n c i dence of p otenti a ll y my c o t ox iqe n i c fil amen t o us fun g i on all bea n s am p l es .  The m a in s pe cies w e r e A spe rg ill us flavus , Aspe rg illu s  ni ger. A s perg illus  w entii . Aspe rgi llu s  c l a v atu s . Pen i c i llium citrinum , and Pe nicilliu m s p i nolosum.   T he beans from Q u e ensland g av e  h i g h  coun t s  o f  Bac illu s  s p e c i es   an d l ac ti c ac i d  bac te ri a  a n d it  is su ggested   t h at  they   served  as natur a l  b i oco n t r o l   again ts   aga i nst   t he filam e n tou s fung i.