Da estruturação a (r)evolução : o controle social indígena pós-criação da Secretaria Especial de Saúde Indígena

This research aims to discuss the reorganization of the indigenous social control from the creation of the Special Secretariat of Indigenous Health of the Ministry of Health in 2010, highlighting the strategies adopted, initiatives promoted by the management, in addition to the major problems faced, trying to understand the process by which the subsystem has achieved its results, positive and negative, analyzing the dynamics of state intervention and the practical problems arising from its implementation. This is a quantitative and qualitative study, using information obtained from various public sources. Document analysis was performed, reports and technical reports produced by SESA and the secretariat management reports. It was used also demographic and socioeconomic indicators to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), as well as legal provisions, such as laws, ordinances, decrees, and literature searches that relate to the topic discussed. The results show the strengthening of social control instances, observed by the historical context of indigenous health and also presented in three categories constructed from the data collected, 1. Organization and characterization of Social Control; 2.Qualification of Directors; and 3.investment, which present challenges and advances evidenced from the findings. The conclusion of this research that there is a range of challenges to be faced by the management of indigenous health in Brazil, but the creation of the Special Secretariat of Indigenous Health of the Ministry of Health favored systematically and structurally strengthening the social control of indigenous health mainly in the regulation of the roles of each level of control, training and training of counselors and advisors of indigenous health, increasing investment in programs and actions aimed at social control in the subsystem, and also in ensuring respect for democratic processes established by current organization of social control of indigenous health, represented hierarchically by its instances. KEY WORDSocial Control; Social Participation; Public Health; Health Management; Indigenous Health; Special Indigenous Health; Ministry of Health.