O brincar na escola : possibilidades de desenvolvimento em sala de recursos

This work focus on the respect towards the needs of the child as a subject, in the spaces that have been designated to it, mostly, at the school space. It is about valuing all of the forms of social act of the children, especially, the playing. The main goal of this research is to comprehend the role of playing in the child's development in the multifunctional resources room. Thus, it must be observed if, for the children to whom this space is destined, the playing is constituted of the symbolic and creative act upon the world and in themselves. Based on that, the specific goals are to think the playing as a space of construction of autonomy and legitimacy in learning, to reflect upon the teacher's act at the resources room, regarding the traditional method and the practice of playing, and to create possibilities of the resources room as a potential space for playing. In this investigation, it is assumed that playing is the way that children position themselves in the world as a subject, being that premiss based on psychology and psychoanalysis theorists such as Dolto, Klein, Winnicott, Moyles, Pedroza, Huinzinga, among others. The main theoretical perspective is psychoanalysis, considering the Freudians premiss and, yet, the concepts of other authors in the field of development of the subject and of the playing. In order to discuss some social and historic sets within the school context and, also, to establish a dialog between subject and society, personal studies in the fields of Psychology, Philosophy, History and Education were included. As for the methodology, the research was done through an empirical, qualitative, study. Since this is a psychoanalytical study, and as such, it depends on the bond of the subject so that it is possible a space of transference and analysis, assuming the perspective of playing as a language, it was used the Participant Research, besides the psychoanalytical method. The investigation took place in a regular school unit for primary education, from the public service of the Federal District. The participants were the children who attend this school's resources room and the teacher responsible for this space. “Moments of playing” were carried out with the children at the resources room, during the time they were scheduled for that place. The “moments of playing”, lasting 50 minutes each, happened every week and were made accordingly to the desire of the participant children, respecting their creative expressions, in the presence of the space, the relations, the unconscious contents and the available objects in the room. For a better understanding of the context in which the children were emerged, open interviews were conducted with the teacher. The field research aimed the active participation of the subjects as a mean of achieving a potential development to build a social change.