Brioflora da ilha de Fernando de Noronha, Brasil

The archipelago of Fernando de Noronha consists of a group of 21 oceanic islands of volcanic origin, located at a distance of 350 km from Natal, RN and 545 km from Recife, P E. The group of islands has a total area of 26 km 2 and the main island, Fernando de Noronha, has approximately 18,4 km². Even though several studies on the vegetation of the islands exist, only two are related to bryophytes. One realized in 1891 and another one hundred years later. For this new inventory of bryophytes of Fernando de Noronha, there was realized a visit to the herbarium SP, where 116 vouchers were examined, and two expeditions to the archipelago in 2013 and 2014, with 475 new samples collected. We identified 28 species of bryophytes: two from the Anthocerothophyta Division (Notothyladaceae); three from the Marchantiophyta Division, with three different families; and 23 species of the Bryophyta Division, distributed in eight families, being the Fissidentaceae, with 12 species, the most diverse. Eleven species are new records for the island. Five species previously identified, were not found either in the herbarium or the field. Riccia ridleyi A. Gepp, endangered (category CR = Critically Endange red), was found