»Strafspiel« und satirische Stilmittel in musikdramatischen Gattungen des frühen 18. Jahrhunderts

The tendency of today’s historiography to portray early 18th-century Italian opera as a dichotomy between opera seria and opera buffa takes too little account of the existence of genera mixta. However, contemporary composers and authors sometimes referred to a tripartiton. In his treatise Der vollkommene Capellmeister (1739), Johann Mattheson distinguishes between tragedy, comedy and satire. His description of the melodies from a satirical opera is limited to the statement that they are “ridiculous, poseuristic and prickly”. This definition can be applied to the analysis of dramatic vocal works with the help of Gérard Genette’s category of “burlesque travesty” which describes the stylistic degradation of a tragic-heroic subject as a satirical function. This stylistic mixture is achieved by the use of specific musical devices, which are shown in this article on the basis of case studies on music by Francesco Bartolomeo Conti, Johann Sebastian Bach and Georg Friedrich Händel.