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The Polar Format Algorithm (PFA) is suitable for spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image focusing either in monostatic or bistatic cases. The classic linear-trajectory PFA complete data correction in wavenumber domain, converting data from the polar format to the rectangular format. However, the two- dimension processing (either using interpolation or chirp-z transform) introduces heavy computational load, which limits its real-time applications. This study presents a conical-trajectory PFA for bistatic SAR, in which the transmitter and receiver are designed to ∞y on conical surfaces, to simplify image formation procedures via eliminating the necessity of range processing. Moreover, the conical- trajectory PFA provides a space-invariant range resolution to simplify the SAR image comprehension. A spotlight forward-looking bistatic missile guidance application was simulated for the algorithm validation and performance analysis.

A NEW CONICAL-TRAJECTORY POLAR FORMAT ALGORITHM FOR SPOTLIGHT BISTATIC SAR