The Armed Arena: Arms Trafficking in Central America
Author(s) -
Mark Ungar
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
latin american research review
Language(s) - Spanish
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.489
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1542-4278
pISSN - 0023-8791
DOI - 10.25222/larr.421
Subject(s) - small arms , political science , state (computer science) , organised crime , drug trafficking , criminology , arms control , economic justice , space (punctuation) , military justice , political economy , economy , law , sociology , business , international trade , economics , algorithm , computer science , linguistics , philosophy
To explain the high rates of violence in Central America’s Northern Triangle, this article argues that it is rooted in an armed arena comprised of state and nonstate actors with roles in security, ranging from the military to organized crime. In this space of collaboration, those actors bring resources and reap rewards, strengthening their relationships in the process. Of the many activities within the armed arena, one of the most destructive is the trafficking of firearms. Based on fieldwork in Honduras, Guatemala, and El Salvador, this article focuses on two sets of relationships that demonstrate the armed arena’s strength. The first set is the area of criminal justice, centered on investigations, ballistics, inventories, and destruction of arms. The second is the arms market: regional trafficking, internal arms sales, and the state’s licensing system. Evaluating governmental responses, the final section shows that arms control policies are most effective when they target and disrupt these relationships. Resumen Para explicar las tasas altas de violencia letal altas en el Triangulo Norte de America Central, este articulo sostiene que esta arraigado en lo que conceptualiza como una “arena armada”: la red de actores estatales y no estatales con roles de seguridad, desde el ejercito hasta el crimen organizado. En este espacio de colaboracion, esos actores aportan recursos y obtienen recompensas, fortaleciendo sus relaciones en el proceso. De las muchas actividades dentro de esta arena, una de las mas destructivas es el trafico de armas de fuego. Basado en investigaciones en Honduras, Guatemala y El Salvador, el articulo se enfoca en dos conjuntos de relaciones que demuestran la fuerza de la arena armada. El primer es la justicia penal, centrada en investigaciones, balistica, inventarios y destruccion de armas. El segundo es el mercado de armas: el trafico regional, el negocio interno, y el sistema estatal de licencias. Evaluando las respuestas gubernamentales, la seccion final muestra que las politicas contra el trafico de armas son mas efectivas cuando apuntan e interrumpen estas relaciones.
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