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espanolEl presente articulo incide en la necesidad de estudiar la figura del artista del Egipto antiguo en su contexto social y cultural, a traves un conjunto de fuentes diversas que pueden ayudarnos a conseguir una vision mas realista de como trabajaban y realizaban sus obras, en especial durante el Reino Nuevo. En los ultimos anos se han desarrollado novedosas investigaciones que analizan las obras de los pintores, su manera de trabajar en equipo y sus tecnicas, o que tratan de reproducir las condiciones materiales de trabajo en una tumba con un enfoque experimental. Igualmente destaca la importancia de los corpus de ostraca figurativos como una fuente primordial para comprender el trabajo del pintor egipcio y su obra, una importancia determinada por la diversidad de tipologias de ostraca en base a su tematica y a su variada calidad tecnica. La respuesta a muchos interrogantes sobre las obras del antiguo Egipto podria estar en el analisis del proceso creativo de los artistas, condicionados por la tradicion artistica pero buscando la originalidad, que es fiel reflejo de su individualidad. EnglishThis article explores the role of the artist in ancient Egypt in his social and cultural context, analysing a diversity of sources, that could help understand how Egyptian artists worked and how they made their artworks, especially focusing on the New Kingdom. In the past years new investigations have analysed the paintings, the teamwork of the painters and the variety of techniques they used. Other researchers have tried to reproduce the conditions in which the artists worked in a tomb, following an experimental approach. The importance of studying the corpus of varied figurative ostraca is also remarked, as they could be highly useful to understand the painter’s work and his production. The answer to many questions regarding the ancient Egyptian artworks could be in the analysis of the creative process of the artists, conditioned by the strong artistic tradition but looking for originality, which reveals their individuality.

The Artist in his Context. New Tendencies on the Research of Ancient Egyptian Art