USO DE ANTIBIÓTICOS INALATÓRIOS NO TRATAMENTO DA PNEUMONIA ASSOCIADA À VENTILAÇÃO MECÂNICA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

The mechanic ventilation associated pneumonia (MVP) is a healthcare associated infection and the major cause of morbimortality in Intensive Care Units (ICU). Most of antimicrobial treatments are Intravenous (IV), however, nowadays due to bacterial resistance to those IV antibiotics, inhalation has been used and researched in patients with MVP. Purpose: Literature review about the use of inhaled antibiotics for MVP treatment. Method: Bibliographic review about inhaled antibiotics for MVP treatment, with data collection from December 2017 to January 2018, from productions published in the period of 2013 to 2018 at online database related to Healthcare areaPubMed and Medline. Results/Discussion: Nebulized antibiotics are indicated in some cases of respiratory illnesses, but for MVP they still present low level of evidence. The concentrations of those antimicrobial in the lungs are higher than those reached by intravenous route and its lower concentration in the blood reduces systemic side effects. Some current guidelines indicate the use for MVP by multi-resistant bacteria through IV route; some wait for new studies with better level of evidences by the risks of side effects such as bronchospasm and airflow obstruction by nebulized drugs. Conclusion: Nebulized antimicrobials might be promising for MVP treatment, including multiresistant bacteria infections due to high concentration of those drugs in the lungs. Although the extensive use of antimicrobials is common in ICU, studies still point out the necessity for new researches about those drugs in the treatment of MVP.