Open AccessHereditary Gastric Cancer: Review of Literature
Author(s) -
Jelena Pogodina,
Genādijs Trofimovičs,
Edvīns Miklaševičs,
Roberts Ribenieks
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
latvijas k̦irurðigijas žurnāls/acta chirurgica latviensis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2199-5737
pISSN - 1407-981X
DOI - 10.2478/chilat-2013-0013
Subject(s) - medicine , cancer , cdh1 , germline mutation , germline , etiology , mutation , oncology , genetics , gene , biology , cadherin , cell
Summary Worldwide, gastric cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer, with a high morbidity and mortality. Both environmental and genetic factors have a role in the aetiology of gastric cancer. Familial clustering of gastric cancer is seen in 10-15% of cases, and approximately 3% of gastric cancer cases arise in the setting of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer ( HDGC). In families with HDGC, gastric cancer presents at relatively young age. Germline mutations in the CDH1 gene are the major cause of HDGC and are identified in approximately 25-40% of families which fulfill strict criteria. Prophylactic gastrectomy is the only option to prevent gastric cancer in individuals with a CDH1 mutation. However, in the majority of families with multiple cases of gastric cancer no germline genetic abnormality can be identified and therefore preventative measures are not available, except for general lifestyle advice. Future research should focus on identifying new genetic predisposing factors for all types of familial gastric cancer.