KARAKTERISTIK KEPALA KALA DI SUMATRA: TINJAUAN ARKEOLOGI SENI The Characteristics Of Kala Head In Sumatra: Consideration Of Art In Archaeology

K ala head is a part of a temple, moreover in Java, Kala head is one of the common parts i n Hindu-Buddhist temples. The problem was, there were differences on Java with other areas, Kala head in Sumatra were located not only in the lintel but also in other part of sacred objects. The purpose of this research was to discuss characteristic of Kala head in Sumatra based on its components and art styles. Based on the problem this research reveals  characteristics  of  Kala  head  from  Padanglawas,  Padangroco,  and  South Sumatra. This research also discussed a comparative study of Kala head from Java, Southeast Asia (especially Khmer), and India. This research employed Archaeological Method  ranging  from  observation,  data  gathering,  analysis,  and  interpretation.  The results showed Sumatra Kala head has different concept background. The dissimilarities contained  in  the  different  location,  between  a  sacred  building  and  sacred  objects (stambha, stone base, and statue), different size, and decoration. Kala head in Sumatra is an independent figure without other figures (gods or makara) and other parts of bodies such as hand or claws on the Kala head from Sumatra. In conclusion, there were local Kala head art styles in Sumatra such as Padanglawas I, II, III, and Bumiayu.